Unit 10  A Sectary’s Job

第十单元  秘书的工作

导    读

本课是第二大单元的最后一课，课文只有一个Passage: A secretary’s job，讲的是秘书的工作。语法小结我们复习现在进行时、There be句型、祈使句、动词带双宾语的结构和情态动词。

译    文

短文  秘书工作的领域  

虽然人们常常认为做秘书工作的是女生，做老板的是男性，然而事实未必如此！过去作办公室秘书工作的大多是男性，因为人们认为女性柔弱无力，无法担当这个繁重的工作。

如今从事秘书工作的男性数目呈上升趋势，而越来越多的女性也开始走上领导岗位。决定工作和职业的己不再是性别，而是能力。只要具备做一名优秀秘书的素质，就能够得到这份工作。好的秘书总是受青睐的。

一个优秀的秘书应出色完成办公室工作。例如老板在开紧急预算会议，秘书就不应该打扰他。如果老板打算举行宴请，秘书就应该事先预订好一家得体的酒店。

优秀的秘书还应注重仪表，穿着整洁入时。秘书至少应能流利地说一种外语。如果秘书会打字和使用计算机，就更有可能被举荐晋升。

Main points of the text

Passage

1. (Although the secretary is most often thought of as “she” and the executive as “he”),  it isn’t always necessarily so!

    Although/though是连词，意思都是“尽管，虽然”，引导让步状语从句。

eg. Although she is in poor health, she works just as hard as everyone else.

尽管体弱多病，她工作还是和别人一样努力。

Though they are quite tired after a day’s work, they still(不能用but) go to their night classes. 虽然工作了一天已经十分疲倦，他们还是赶到夜校去上课。

think of as认为是…  is thought of as… 显然是被动结构。同学们在预习课文并划词组时要练习识别这类词组。think是不规则动词，其原形、过去式、过去分词变化如下：think —  thought — thought 。

executive本意为“总经理；总裁”，在本句中引伸译为“老板”。后面省略了is often thought of。有一句关于英语的谚语说“简洁是英语的精华”“Brevity is the soul of English”.

2. In the early days of office work, most secretaries were male because women were considered too weak for such hard activities.

这句话说的是以前的事，故用一般过去时态，特征是将动词变为过去式，在本句中是are — were。和过去分词一样，动词过去式的不规则的变化要逐个记忆。一般过去时态的句式变化如下：

They visited the Palace Museum yesterday.

They didn’t visit the Palace Museum yesterday.

Did they visit the Palace Museum yesterday?

Yes, they did. // No, they didn’t.

Where did they visit yesterday?

Male(男性)的反义词我们也学过。在Dialogue A of Unit 4的场景中，Lizzy wants to join the school library. 丽齐想办理学校的借书证。The librarian asks her to fill in a form. 图书管理员让她填一张表，其中有一条：sex: female性别：女。Are you a male or female? 你是male还是female？Here’s a joke (笑话) for you. 在一次世界小姐的选美比赛上，一位上年纪的男主持人指着台上的八位候选者说：这是一个秘密大曝光的时代，Let me tell you a secret (秘密). Of all these beautiful (美丽的) girls, seven are my daughters (女儿) (pause停顿) and one is my SON(儿子).

3. Now there is an increase in the number of (men coming into the secretarial field).

coming into the secretarial field是现在分词短语做后置定语修饰名词men。

4. Jobs and careers are no longer decided by sex, but by ability.

    no longer意为“不再”。

eg. Flying to the moon was no longer a dream. 飞上月球已不再是梦想。

are decided by…是被动语态，by交待了动作的发出者。你不妨把be decided by“由…决定”当词组记忆。

5. As long as the person has the quality of being a good secretary, he or she will be able to get the job.

    of 是介词，后面如有动词须变成动名词。一般将来时态的助动词will 后面动词必须用原形。

6. A good secretary should be excellent in office duties.

should 是情态动词，后面动词必须用原形。

be excellent in“在优秀”，我们还学过几个类似的词组：

be good at 在某方面表现好

Miss Li is good at oral English (英语口语).

be skilled in 擅长

My secretary is skilled in writing business report(商务报告).

7. For example, when the boss has an urgent budget meeting, the secretary should not disturb him.

for example “例如”，用于举例，位于句中时前后要加逗号，可缩略成eg.；the boss是第三人称单数形式，故后面的have变成has；urgent开头发音是元音，故前面的不定冠词a变成an；should 是情态动词，后面动词必须用原形。

8. If the boss is going to give a dinner party,……

is going to + 动词原形也是将来时的一种形式。

9. ……he or she should make the reservation ahead of time in an appropriate restaurant.

make the reservation“进行预订”，意同reserve, 但较正式。

ahead of time “提前”，在匹配题中可与in advance互相解释。匹配题属常考题型(如第一单元练习六)，意义相同或类似的词或词组正属出题范围，请同学们留意。

10. Good secretaries should also pay attention to their appearance and dress fashionably and neatly. … speak a foreign language fluently.

优秀的秘书还应注重仪表，穿着整洁入时。…至少应能流利地说一种外语。

用副词作状语修饰动词，注意别错用成形容词。

More practice of the text

Complete the dialogue using the expressions you’ve learned.

Mr Luo:  Hi, Mr Lee, I see you’ve got a man assistant (助手). I thought your secretary is a beautiful     1   .

Mr Lee:  Joking (开玩笑) again.     2    the secretary is most often thought of as “she” and the executive     3    “he”, it isn’t always necessarily so!

Mr Luo:  There is some point in what you say. (你说的有些道理) But I heard (听说 hear – heard – heard) in the     4    days of office work,      5    secretaries were male. Why is it that?

Mr Lee:  Maybe (也许)     6   women were considered too weak for     7    hard activities.

Mr Luo:  Maybe. Nowadays (当今) most of the secretaries are        8     . Jobs and careers are no       9     decided by sex,          but     10   ability.

Mr Lee:  Positively (确实). Whoever (无论是谁) a person is, he can get the job he wants     11    long  as he has the…

Mr Luo:  Why do you use “he” instead (而不是)     12    “he/she”?

Mr Lee:  Er…

Key:

1.   lady  2. Although  3. as  4. early  5. most  6. because  7. such  8. women  

9. longer   10. by   11. as   12. of

Helping you with the exercises

1 Are the following statements true (T) or false (F) according to the passage?

Key:

1. T   2.F women were considered too weak for such hard activities   3. T    

4. F Jobs and careers are no longer decided by sex, but by ability.  5. T

2 What should a good secretary be able to do in term of.

注意should 是情态动词，后面动词必须用原形。

Key:

1. A good secretary // He/She should be able to speak at least one foreign language.

2. A good secretary // He/She should be skilled in using a computer.

3. A good secretary // He/She should dress fashionably and neatly (穿着入时、整洁).

3 What are the duties (职责) of a secretary if the manager.

Key:

1.To not to (这是不定式的否定式) disturb him.

2.To reserve a table ahead of time in an appropriate restaurant.

3.To have the letter typed (找人把信打好).

4.To send it by fax or E-mail.

5.To book a flight seat with an travel agency. 向旅行社预订机票。

4 Here is a summary of the patterns and expressions related to (与…相关) a secretary’s job.

  Read them carefully and try to remember them by heart.

1. be excellent in  

2.   make appointments / reservations.

3.   at least pay attention to the way they dress(注意他们的着装).

5 Make a phone call to a restaurant to make a dinner reservation for your boss, Mr. Black.

Key:

1. I’d like to book a table

2. how many (对人数提问)

3. what time

4. Black

6 Match the explanations in Column B with words and expressions in Column A.

Key:

1. b    2. e   3. i   4. c    5. f     6. g    7. d    8. h     9. a

7 Translate the following sentences into Chinese.

Key:

1. 谢拉打字速度比安妮快，但不那么仔细。

2. 谢拉穿着比安妮时髦，但不太注意整洁。

3. 今天上午我们要开一个预算的会议。

4. — 这封信是用传真还是电子邮件发？— 用电子邮件。

5. 更多的女性正走上领导岗位。

8 Read the follow conversation, then answer the questions that follow.         

Key:

1. Mr. Jones asks Anna to work late // to overtime that evening as (because) there is some work they have to finish.

2. He asks her to work about an hour’s overtime.

3. To put off their date.

4. She is going to meet Dennis at the restaurant. (be going to // shall / will do sth. 都是将来时)

5. She wants to go home to change clothes before meeting Dennis.

6. She says, “I can’t go straight from work (下班后直接去). I’ve to go home first to change clothes (换衣服). How about seeing it some other time?.” // Anna says that she has to go home first to change clothes after work and suggests they see the film some other time.

7. No, they won’t. Because tonight is the last night for that film.

8. In order that they will have enough time to have dinner before seeing the film.

Grammar Focus

语法小结

Practice your grammar

1 Complete these sentences with the present continuous form of the verbs given in the brackets, changing the word form where necessary.

用括号中所给的动词的现在进行时完成句子，必要时变化词型。  

Key:

1. am taking    2. is doing    3. are starting ,are arriving   4. are you going   5. are sleeping

6. am calling    7. are we staying     8. is coming    9. are you feeling   10. are trying

2 Translate the following sentences into English, using the proper modal verbs.

Key:

1. He can read English but can\'t speak it .

2. We can find animals and plants everywhere.

3. —May I go now?

   —Yes, you may. // No, you mustn\'t.(不能用may，那样语气不够强烈)

4. He may be in the laboratory now.

5. We must be there on time.

6. —Must I be home before eight o\'clock?

—Yes, you must. // No, you needn\'t.(不必用must)

3 Translate the following sentences into Chinese. (复习祈使句和双宾语)

Key:

1. 请把盐递给我。

2. 请给他买两张邮票。

3. 请给我做一个玩具。

4. 别再给他带巧克力了。

5. 别给她那件新裙子 。

Merry Learning

内容详见多媒体配套光盘。

Listening In and Speaking Out

1 Conversations

Listen to the conversations and choose the best answers to complete the statements.

1.The man will ____ Mr. Jones later.

a. see   b. call    c. fax     d. write to

2.The woman uses her computer to ____.

a. write reports   b. write letters   c. solve math problems (解数学题)   d. send E-mail

3.The Sales Department is on the ____ floor.

a. the first     b. The second    c. the third    d. the fourth

4.There aren’t any ____ chairs.

a. wooden    b. steel钢制的    c. black     d. white

5.Mrs. Clark is free on ____.

a. Monday     b. Tuesday     c. Wednesday     d. Thursday

2 Passage

Listen to the passage and then decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F).

(  ) 1. Jane is leaving for Shanghai on Monday.

(  ) 2. The speaker will come back on Tuesday.

(  ) 3. Paul can drive a car.

(  ) 4. Jane should book a flight and a hotel room.

3 Spot Dictation

Listen to the short passage and fill in the blanks with the missing words.

In the United States and Canada, you should be on time for a ____ meeting. If you are ____ to a party at somebody’s house, you should be about ten ____ late. But when meeting friends in a ____, try to ____ on time.

4 Picture Identification

Listen to the six statements and identify which ones describe the first picture and which ones describe the second.

           1.     2.     3.    4.     5.     6.